Reverberatory furnace lead smelting occupies an important position in the lead refining process. Therefore, exploring the factors that affect the reverberatory furnace lead smelting can better improve the efficiency of lead refining. The following will analyze the influencing factors from the aspects of furnace agglomeration, charge melting speed, brick fire wall, etc.

Furnace agglomerates are generated in the reverberatory furnace molten pool, which seriously reduces the volume of the molten pool, reduces the amount of dissolution, affects production capacity, and increases the lead content of the slag. The formation of agglomerates can be summarized into two reasons: chemical and physical. The chemical reason is that the iron and copper content in the charge is too high, causing Fe3O4 to be free and deposited to form agglomerates or copper slag crusts; the physical reason is that the furnace temperature is not enough or does not maintain a stable high temperature zone, resulting in incomplete reaction of the charge or high melting point slag solidifying and sticking to the furnace wall. During operation, the slag is not cleaned up, and the furnace temperature drops during feeding and cleaning, causing the residual slag to stick to the furnace wall and form agglomerates. In severe cases, it will sink to the bottom. The charge melts slowly and the melting time is prolonged. The furnace temperature does not meet the technical requirements. The influencing factors are: (1) improper adjustment of the blast volume; (2) the slag in the fire chamber is not cleaned in time; (3) the coal quality does not meet the requirements; (4) improper suction adjustment; (5) the fire burner is not responsible; (6) the charge ratio is improper. The fire wall masonry has an impact. The height of the fire wall of the reverberatory furnace is an important factor affecting the flow of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace. If the fire wall is too high, most of the flames cannot pass through, not only slowing down the speed of melting and reducing the bed capacity, but also the flames rushing upward, and the top of the fire chamber is easily burned; in addition, the molten pool has a dead angle at the root of the fire wall, which is not easy to melt and is prone to furnace stagnation. If the fire wall is too low, the liquid in the molten pool may flow into the fire chamber from the upper part of the fire wall, causing great harm.

In summary, starting from the above three aspects can better improve the efficiency of lead smelting in reverberatory furnace.